Kalmar "Ƙasar Balkan" yawanci tana nufin wata ƙasa da ke yankin Balkan Peninsula, yanki a kudu maso gabashin Turai. Gabaɗaya ana ɗaukar ƙasashen Balkan sun haɗa da Albaniya, Bosnia da Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Girka, Kosovo, Montenegro, Arewacin Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, da Slovenia. An kuma yi amfani da kalmar "Balkan" a tarihi don bayyana yankin siyasa da al'adu mai sarkakiya mai cike da tarihin kabilanci da bambancin addini, rikice-rikice, da rashin zaman lafiya na siyasa.